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[:en]Petra[:es]Petra[:fr]Pétra[:de]Petra[:]

[:de]antike Felsenstadt in Jordanien[:][:fr]ancienne cité située dans le Wadi Rum, Jordanie[:][:es]enclave arqueológico y la capital del antiguo reino nabateo, Jordania[:][:en]Arabian historical and archaeological city, Jordan[:]

One of the New 7 Wonders of the World

[:en]Petra[:es]Petra[:fr]Pétra[:de]Petra[:]

[:fr]subdivision de Ma'an[:][:es]Gobernación de Ma'an[:][:en]Ma'an Governorate[:], [:de]Jordanien[:][:fr]Jordanie[:][:es]Jordania[:][:en]Jordan[:]

[:en]Petra (Arabic: البتراء, Al-Batrāʾ; Ancient Greek: Πέτρα), originally known to the Nabataeans as Raqmu, is a historical and archaeological city in southern Jordan. The city is famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system. Another name for Petra is the Rose City due to the color of the stone out of which it is carved.

Established possibly as early as 312 BC as the capital city of the Arab Nabataeans, it is a symbol of Jordan, as well as Jordan’s most-visited tourist attraction. The Nabateans were nomadic Arabs who benefited from the proximity of Petra to the regional trade routes, in becoming a major trading hub, thus enabling them to gather wealth. The Nabateans are also known for their great ability in constructing efficient water collecting methods in the barren deserts and their talent in carving structures into solid rocks. It lies on the slope of Jebel al-Madhbah (identified by some as the biblical Mount Hor) in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah (Wadi Araba), the large valley running from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

The site remained unknown to the western world until 1812, when it was introduced by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. It was described as “a rose-red city half as old as time” in a Newdigate Prize-winning poem by John William Burgon. UNESCO has described it as “one of the most precious cultural properties of man’s cultural heritage”. Petra was named amongst the New7Wonders of the World in 2007 and was also chosen by the Smithsonian Magazine as one of the “28 Places to See Before You Die”.[:es]Petra (en árabe, البتراء al-Batrā´) es un importante enclave arqueológico en Jordania, y la capital del antiguo reino nabateo. El nombre de Petra proviene del griego πέτρα que significa piedra, y su nombre es perfectamente idóneo; no se trata de una ciudad construida con piedra sino, literalmente, excavada y esculpida en la piedra.

El asentamiento de Petra se localiza en un valle angosto, al este del valle de la Aravá que se extiende desde el mar Muerto hasta el Golfo de Aqaba. Los restos más célebres de Petra son sin duda sus construcciones labradas en la misma roca del valle (hemispeos), en particular, los edificios conocidos como el Khazneh (el Tesoro) y el Deir (el Monasterio).

Fundada en la antigüedad hacia el final de siglo VIII a. C. por los edomitas, fue ocupada en el siglo VI a. C. por los nabateos que la hicieron prosperar gracias a su situación en la ruta de las caravanas que llevaban el incienso, las especias y otros productos de lujo entre Egipto, Siria, Arabia y el sur del Mediterráneo.

Hacia el siglo VI d. C., el cambio de las rutas comerciales y los terremotos sufridos, condujeron al abandono de la ciudad por sus habitantes. Cayó en el olvido hasta que en 1812 el lugar fue redescubierto para el mundo occidental por el explorador suizo Jean Louis Burckhardt (1784-1817).

Numerosos edificios cuyas fachadas están directamente esculpidas en la roca, forman un conjunto monumental único, que a partir del 6 de diciembre de 1985 está inscrito en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la Unesco. La zona que rodea el lugar es también, desde 1993, Parque Nacional arqueológico.

Desde el 7 de julio de 2007, Petra forma parte de las Las nuevas siete maravillas del mundo moderno.[:fr]Pétra (de πέτρα petra, « rocher » en grec ancien ; البتراء Al-Butrāʾ en arabe), de son nom sémitique Reqem ou Raqmu (« la Bariolée ») est une cité nabatéenne préislamique située au sud de l’actuelle Jordanie et le pôle touristique majeur de ce pays.

Créée dans l’Antiquité vers la fin du viiie siècle av. J.-C. par les Édomites, elle est ensuite occupée vers le vie siècle av. J.-C. par les Nabatéens qui la font prospérer grâce à sa position sur la route des caravanes transportant l’encens, les épices et d’autres produits précieux entre l’Égypte, laSyrie, l’Arabie du Sud et la Méditerranée. Vers le viiie siècle, la modification des routes commerciales et les séismes entraînent l’abandon progressif de la ville par ses habitants. Pétra a abrité à son apogée jusqu’à vingt-cinq mille habitants. Tombé dans l’oubli à l’époque moderne, le site est redécouvert par le monde occidental grâce à l’explorateur suisse Jean Louis Burckhardt en 1812.

Les nombreux bâtiments, dont les façades monumentales directement taillées dans la roche, en font un ensemble monumental et unique qui, depuis le 6 décembre 1985, est inscrit sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’UNESCO. La zone autour du site est également, depuis 1993, un parc national archéologique.[:de]Die verlassene Felsenstadt Petra (arabisch البتراء al-Batrā’) im heutigen Jordanien war in der Antike die Hauptstadt des Reiches der Nabatäervon König Aretas IV (9 B.c. auf 40 N.Chr.). Wegen ihrer Grabtempel, deren Monumentalfassaden direkt aus dem Fels gemeißelt wurden, gilt sie als einzigartiges Kulturdenkmal. Das Areal beeindruckt nicht nur durch das höchst komplexe in den Fels gemeißelte Aquädukt sondern auch durch ein Theater, erbaut nach griechisch-römischem Vorbild, welches 4.000 Besuchern Platz bot, sowie durch einen 42-Meter hohen hellenistischen Felsentempel . Am 6. Dezember 1985 wurde Petra in die Liste des UNESCO-Welterbes aufgenommen.

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[:de]Jordanien[:][:fr]Jordanie[:][:es]Jordania[:][:en]Jordan[:]

Interesting Facts

[:en]Petra[:es]Petra[:fr]Pétra[:de]Petra[:]


[:de]Höhe über dem Meeresspiegel[:][:fr]Altitude[:][:es]Elevación sobre el nivel del mar[:][:en]Elevation above sea level[:]

[:de]800 Meter[:][:fr]800 mètre[:][:es]800 metro[:][:en]800 metre[:]

[:de]Material[:][:fr]Matériau[:][:es]Material empleado[:][:en]Material used[:]

[:de]Sandstein[:][:fr]grès[:][:es]arenisca[:][:en]Sandstone[:]

[:de]Ist ein(e)[:][:fr]Nature de l'élément[:][:es]Instancia de[:][:en]Instance of[:]

[:de]Historische Stadt & archäologische Stätte[:][:fr]Cité antique & site archéologique[:][:es]Ciudad de la Antigüedad & sitio arqueológico[:][:en]Ancient city & archaeological site[:]

The Official

New 7 Wonders of the World

Machu Picchu

15th-century Inca site in Peru

Great Wall of China

series of fortifications built along the historical border of China

Taj Mahal

[:de]Mausoleum in Agra, Indien[:][:fr]Mausolée en Agra, Inde[:][:es]Complejo de edificios en la ciudad de Agra, India[:][:en]A white marble mausoleum in Agra, India[:]

[:en]Chichén Itzá[:es]Chichén Itzá[:fr]Chichén Itzá[:de]Chichén Itzá[:]

[:de]Pyramide in Chichén Itzá, Halbinsel Yucatan, Mexiko[:][:fr]Pyramide de Chichén Itzá, Péninsule du Yucatan, Mexique[:][:es]Pirámide de Chichén Itzá, Península de Yucatán, México[:][:en]Pyramid at Chichén Itzá, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico[:]

Colosseum

elliptical amphitheatre in Rome

[:en]Cristo Redentor[:de]Cristo Redentor[:es]Cristo Redentor[:fr]Le Christ Rédempteur[:]

[:en]statue of Jesus in Río de Janeiro, Brazil[:de]Jesus Statue, Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien[:es]estatua de Jesús, Río de Janeiro, Brasil[:fr]statue du Christ, Rio de Janeiro, Brésil[:]

Worldmap

The 21 Finalists

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